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In the majority of publications during this period, the first author is usually a graduate hstudent, a postdoctoral fellow or a visiting scientist under my direct supervision. Other first authors are collaborators who are independent investigators/visiting sabbaticants and/or their co-workers from various countries, including Daniel, Lee & Younglai (Canada), Sakai & Takemura (Japan), Guan, Huang, Nie, Zhu & Han (China), Wong & Teng (Hong Kong), Lai (Taiwan) and Rossier (Switzerland). Meeting abstracts NOT listed (all resulted in full papers). Book chapters & proceedings “ * “
1990
146. Kwan, C.Y. The use of fluorescent Ca2+ indicators in the study of Ca2+ handling by living cells: a brief review. Basic Med. Sci. Clin. 10: 54-59, 1990.
147. Kwan, C.Y., E.E. Daniel and M.C. Chen. Inhibition of vasoconstriction by tetramethylpyrazine: does it act by blocking voltage-dependent Ca-channel? J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 15: 157-162, 1990.
148. Shi, A.G., S. Ahmad, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Alpha-adrenoceptors in dog mesemteric vessels - subcellular distribution and number of 3H-prazosin and 3H-rauwolscine binding sites. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 15: 515-526, 1990.
149. Kwan, C.Y. and J.W. Putney, Jr. Uptake and intracellular sequestration of divalent cations in resting and methacholine-stimulated mouse lacrimal acinar cells. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 678-684, 1990.
150. Kwan, C.Y., H. Takemura, J.F. Obie, O Thastrup and J.W. Putney, Jr. Effects of methacholine, thapsingargin and La3+ on plasmalemmal and intracellular Ca2+ transport in lacrimal acinar cells. Am. J. Physiol. 258: C1006-C1015, 1990.
151. Guan, Y.Y., K.M. Chen, J.J. Sun, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Effects of panax notoginseng saponins on 45Ca2+-influx and efflux induced by the activation of -1 adrenoceptor on vascular smooth muscle. Chin. Pharmacol. Bull. 6: 229-232, 1990.
152. Kwan, C.Y., S. Sipos and V. Gaspar. Alloxan inhibits ligand binding to adrenoceptors of vascular smooth muscle microsomes. Biochem. J. 270: 137-140, 1990.
153. Shi, A.G., Z.L. Wang, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Inhibitory effects of amiloride on alpha adrenoceptors on canine vascular smooth muscle. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 253: 791-797, 1990.
154. Kostka, P., W.H. Barnett and C.Y. Kwan. Identification and characterization of high-affinity Ca-ATPase associated with axonal plasma membranes of dog mesenteric nerves. Neurochem. Res. 15: 833-841, 1990.
155. Guan, Y.Y., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Evidence against the role of 1-adrenoceptor reserve in buffering the inhibitory effect of nifedipine on the contactility of canine vascular smooth muscle. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 68: 1346-1350, 1990.
156. Kwan, C.Y. and R.M.K.W. Lee. Changes of beta-adrenoceptors of aortic smooth muscle cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 68: 1461-1468, 1990
157. Deng, H.W., Y.Y. Guan and C.Y. Kwan. The effects of ginsenosides on lipid peroxidation in liver and cardiac muscle homogenates. Biochem. Arch. 6: 359-365, 1990.
158. Kwan, C.Y., V. Gaspar and Y.Y. Guan. The effects of plant saponins on Ca2+ accumulation by vascular smooth muscle microsomes. Biochem. Arch. 6: 367-373, 1990.
159. Guan, Y.Y., D.Y. Duan, J.J. Sun and C.Y. Kwan. Effects of cardiotoxine from southern chinese cobra venom on the intracellular calcium ion concentration of rat lacrimal acinar cells isolated from rat with Fura-2 fluorescence technique. Chin. Pharmacol. Bull. 6: 296-298, 1990.
1991
160. Daniel, E.E., A.G. Shi, Z.L. Wang, Y.Y. Guan, K. Hoo, E.J. Cragoe and C.Y. Kwan. Alpha Adrenoceptors in vascular smooth muscle: All is not well. Blood Vessels 28: 104-114, 1991.
161. Deng, H.W. and C.Y. Kwan. Cyclopiazonic acid is a sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-pump inhibitor of rat aortic muscle: a functional study. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 12: 53-58, 1991.
162. Kwan, C.Y. and Y.Y. Guan. Reciprocal relationship between alpha-adrenergic responses of vascular smooth muscle obtained in the presence and absence of extracellular calcium. Biomed. Res. 2: 27-37, 1991.
163. Kwan, C.Y. Dysfunction of Ca2+-pump of vascular smooth muscle membranes: an important etiological factor in hypertension. In: "Cellular Aspects of Hypertension", (G. Bruschi, ed) Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, FRG. pp. 61-68, 1991.
164.*Ahmad, S., H.D. Allescher and C.Y. Kwan. Receptors for neuropeptides: ligand binding studies. In: "Handbook of Neuropetide Function in the Gastrointestinal Tract", (E.E. Daniel, ed), CRC Press, Florida. pp 209-229, 1991.
165.*Kwan, C.Y. Membrane biochemistry of vascular smooth muscle of resistancfe blood vessels and changes in hypertension. In: The Resistance Vasculature (J.A. Bevan, W. Halpern, M.J. Mulvany, eds), Humana Press, New Jersey. pp. 281-303, 1991.
166. Kwan, C.Y. and Y.Y. Guan. Contractile response of aorta to alpha1-adrenergic stimulation in Ca2+-free medium is reduced in spontaneous hypertension. Am. J. Hypertension 4: 540-545, 1991.
167.*Low, A.M., C.Y. Kwan, E.E. Daniel and O. Thastrup. Modulation of vascular smooth muscle function by thapsigargin and ryanodine. In: Progress in Microcirculation Research (M.A. Perry and D.G. Garlick, eds), The Australian and New Zealand Microcirculation Society, Australia. pp. 81-83, 1991.
168. Bourreau, J.P., Z.D. Zhang, V. Gaspar, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Ryanodine and the adrenergic, purinergic stimulation in the rat vas deferens smooth muscle: Functional and radioligand binding studies. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 256: 1063-1071, 1991.
169. Bourreau, J.P., A.P. Abela, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Acetylcholine Ca2+ store refilling directly involves a dihydropyridine sensitive Ca2+ channel in dog trachea. Am. J. Physiol. 261: C497-C505, 1991.
170. Low, A.M., V. Garspar, C.Y. Kwan, P.J. Darby, J.P. Bourreau, E.E. Daniel and O. Thastrup. Thapsigargin inhibits repletion of phenylephrine-sensitive intracellular Ca2+-pools in vascular smooth muscle internal Ca2+ pool. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 258: 1105-1113, 1991.
171. Kwan, C.Y., V. Gaspar, A.G. Shi, Z.L. Wang, M.C. Chen, A. Ohta, E.J. Cragoe, Jr. and E.E. Daniel. Vascular effects of tetramethylpyrazine: direct interaction with smooth muscle -adrenoceptors. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 198: 15-21, 1991.
172. Wang, Z.L., C.Y. Kwan., K. Ohta and M.C. Chen. Inhibitory effects of tetramethyl- and tetraethyl- derivatives of pyrazine on dog saphenous vein. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 69: 1184-1189, 1991.
173.*Low, A.M., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Evidence for the possible existence of a direct and a cytosolic route of Ca2+ entry into agonist-sensitive internal Ca2+ pool in artereial tissue during refilling. In: Resistance arteries: structure and function, (M.J. Mulvany, C. Aalkjaer, A.M. Heagerty, N.C.B. Nyborg and S. Strandgaard, eds) Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 96-100, 1991.
174.*Daniel, E.E., H. Shimamoto, K. Hoo and C.Y. Kwan. Vascular adrenergic receptoprs: Approaches and problems. In: Resistance arteries: structure and function, (M.J. Mulvany, C. Aalkjaer, A.M. Heagerty, N.C.B. Nyborg and S. Strandgaard, eds) Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 261-265, 1991.
175.*Kwan, C.Y., H.W. Deng and A.M. Low. Impairment of endoplasmic reticulum (RE) function as an etiological mechanism for vascular muscle dysfunction in hypertension: Implication of the vascular effects of cyclopiazonic acid. In: Resistance arteries: structure and function, (M.J. Mulvany, C. Aalkjaer, A.M. Heagerty, N.C.B. Nyborg and S. Strandgaard, eds) Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 308-311, 1991.
176. Bourreau, J.P., Z.D. Zhang and C.Y. Kwan. Effect of ryanodine on adrenergic stimulation in rat smooth muscle cells. Chin. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 5: 255-260, 1991.
177. Takemura, H. and C.Y. Kwan. Calcium signalling: The role of inositol phosphates and the mechanisms of Ca2+-entry. Chin. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 5: 246-254, 1991.
178. Chen, M.C., Z.L. Wang, M.C. Gong and C.Y. Kwan. Experimental studies of the effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on the cardiovascular system. Basic Med. Clin. Sci. 11: 35-40, 1991.
179. Bourreau, J.P., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Effect of ryanodine in dog mesenteric artery: interference with potassium and adrenergic stimulation. J. Vasc. Med. Biol. 3: 167-173, 1991.
1992
180. Low, A.M., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Evidence for two types of internal Ca2+ stores in canine mesenteric artery with different refilling mechanisms. Am. J. Physiol. 262: H31-H37, 1992.
181. Shimamoto, H., J-P., Bourreau, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Amplification of alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction in canine isolated mesenteric artery and vein. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 260: 1119-1127, 1992.
182. Shimamoto, H., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Pharmacological assessment of Ca2+-dependence of endothelin-1 induced response in rat aorta. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 216: 225-233, 1992.
183. Shimamoto, H., Y. Shimamoto, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Participation of protein kinase C in endothelin-1-induced contraction in rat aorta: studies with a new tool, Calphostin C. Br. J. Pharmacol. 107: 282-287, 1992.
184. Shimamoto, H. I.L.A. Majarais, Y. Shimamoto, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Role of sarcoplasmic reticulum in the contractile function of vascular smooth muscle as studied by 2,5-(tert-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone. Biological Signals 1: 182-193, 1992.
185. Lee, R.M.K.W., M. Coughlin, J. Troporis, C.Y. Kwan, R. McKenzie, Y.Y. Guan and F.H.H. Leenen. The effects of neonatal treatment of rats with nerve growth factor on the blood pressure and structure of the mesenteric arteries. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 70: 1154-1160, 1992.
186. Kwan, C.Y. Signal transduction in smooth muscle as studied by subcellular membrane approach. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 70: 501-508, 1992.
187. Glennon M.C., G.J. Bird, C.Y. Kwan and J.W. Putney, Jr. Actions of the phospholipase C-linked hormone, vasopressin and the Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin on Ca2+ signalling in hepatocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 267: 8230-8233, 1992.
188. Kwan, C.Y., H.W. Deng and Y.Y. Guan. Tetrandrine is not a selective antagonist for voltage-operated Ca2+ channels. Acta Pharmacol. Sinica 13: 385-390, 1992.
189.*Bourreau, J.P., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Excitation-contraction coupling in canine tracheal smooth muscle cells. In: Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth Muscle. (ed. G.B. Frank et al.) pp. 375-377, Plenum Press, New York, 1992.
190. Wang, Z.L., C.Y. Kwan, M.C. Chen. The effects of tetramethylpyrazine on the cardiovascular system. Prog. Physiol. Sci. 23: 313-317, 1992.
191. Lee, R.M.K.W., R.B. Conyers and C.Y. Kwan. The influence of multinucleated and polyploid aortic smooth muscle cells cultured from different age groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 70: 1496-1501, 1992
192. Kwan, C.Y., V. Gaspar, I. Berezin, A.M. Low and E.E. Daniel. Morphological and functional characterization of vascular muscle cells enzymatically dispersed from dog mesenteric arteries: in vitro and in situ studies. J. Vasc. Res. 29: 450-460, 1992.
193. Bourreau, J.P., S. Ellsworth, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Non-endothelial source of nitric oxide in aortic smooth muscle of WKY and SHR. Biological Signals 1: 322-330, 1992.
1993
194. Shimamoto, Y., H. Shimamoto, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Rauwolscine induced contraction in dog mesenteric artery precontracted with KCl and endothelin-1: Mediation via 5-HT1-like receptors. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 264: 201-209, 1993.
195. Shimamoto, Y., H. Shimamoto, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Differential effects of putative protein kinase C inhibitors on the contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 264: H1300-H1306, 1993.
196. Low, A.M., P.J. Darby, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Effects of thapsigargin and ryanodine on vascular contractility: cross-talk between sarcoplasmic reticulum and plasmalemma. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 230: 53-62, 1993.
197. Low, A.M., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Functional alterations in the aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat: pharmacological assessment with cyclopiazonic acid. Pharmacology 47:50-60, 1993.
198. Nie, S.Q., C.Y. Kwan and R.M. Epand. Pyrazine derivatives affect membrane fluidity of vascular smooth muscle microsomes in relation to their biological activity. Eur. J. Pharmacol. (Molec. Pharmacol.) 244: 15-19, 1993.
199. Zhang, Z.D. C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Subcellular membrane characterization of binding of 3H-ryanodine to smooth muscle. Biochem. J. 290: 259-266, 1993.
200. Zheng, X.F., C.Y. Kwan, Zheng, X.F. and Guan, Y.Y. Cyclopiazonic acid causes endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aorta. Acta Pharmacol. Sinica 14: 21-26, 1993.
201. Rossier, M.F., C.P. Python, A.M. Capponi, W. Schlegel, C.Y. Kwan and M.B. Vallotton. Tetrandrine inhibits steroidogenesis in bovine adrenal glomerulosa cells by blocking T-type calcium channels. Endocrinology 132: 1035-1043, 1993.
202. Bourreau, J.P., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Distinct pathways to refill Ach-sensitive internal Ca2+ stores in canine airway smooth muscle. Am. J. Physiol. 265: C28-C35, 1993.
203. LaPierre, N., J. Wilson, J.P. Bourreau and C.Y. Kwan. Norepinephrine release in rat vas deferens: Effect of rauwolscine and BH-T 920. Life Sciences (PL) 53: 19-24, 1993.
204. Zhang Z.D., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Characterization of [3H]ryanodine binding sites in smooth muscle of dog mesenteric artery. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 194: 1242-1247, 1993.
205. Kwan, C.Y. and Z.L. Wang. Tetrandrine: a vasodilator or medicinal herb origin with a novel contractile effect on dog saphenous vein. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 238: 431-434, 1993.
206. Guan, Y.Y., J. Zhang, R.M.K.W. Lee, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Cyclopiazonic acid enhanced the Ca2+-dependent outward K+ currents in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells from SHR and WKY. Chin. Pharmacol. Bull. 9: 257-260, 1993.
207. Kwan, C.Y. Calcium, vascular smooth muscle and the pathogenesis of hypertension. Chin. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Commun. 14: 1-5, 1993.
208. Zhang, Z.D., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Identification of Ca2+-release channels in smooth muscle and isolated membranes. Biol. Signals 2: 284-292, 1993.
209. Darby, P.J., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. The use of Ca2+-pump inhibitors in the study of calcium regulation in smooth muscle. Biol. Signals 2: 293-304, 1993.
210. Sakai, Y and C.Y. Kwan. Calcium regulation and contractile dysfunction of smooth muscle. Biol. Signals 2: 305-312, 1993.
211. Bourreau, J.P. and C.Y. Kwan. Excitation-contraction coupling of smooth muscle: current trend. Trends Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 1: 721-735, 1993.
1994
212. Zheng X.F., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Role of intracellular Ca2+ in EDRF release in rat aorta. J. Vasc. Res. 31: 18-24, 1994.
213. Kwan, C.Y., R. Chaudhary, X.F. Zheng, J. Ni and R.M.K.W. Lee. The effects of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-pump inhibitors on vascular smooth muscle. Hypertension 23 (suppl. I) I-156 -I-160, 1994.
214. Kwan, C.Y. Plant-derived drugs acting on cellular Ca2+ mobilization in vascular smooth muscle: selected drugs and relationship to their antihypertensive action. Stem Cells 12: 64-67, 1994.
215. Shimamoto, H., Y. Shimamoto, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Amplification of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contractile response via 5-hydroxytrytamine receptors and alpha-adrenoceptors in dog mesenteric artery and vein. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 268: 779-784, 1994.
216. Leung, Y.M., Kwan, C.Y. and Loh, T.T. Amplification of agonist-induced calcium increase by microsomal calcium pump inhibitors in human Leukemic HL-60 cells. Biochem. J. 302: 87-94, 1994.
217. Nie, S.Q., I.L.A. Majarais, R.M. Epand and C.Y. Kwan. Analogues of tetramethylpyrazine affect membrane fluidity of liposomes: relationship to their biological activities. Eur. J. Pharmacol. (Molec. Pharmacol.) 266: 11-18, 1994.
218. Zhang, Z.D. and C.Y. Kwan. The role of nitric oxide produced by immune cells in host defense. Basic & Clin. Sci. 14: 77-80, 1994.
219. Wang, Z.L. and C.Y. Kwan. Contractile responses of dog saphenous vein induced by tetrandrine. Basic & Clin. Sci. 14: 121-126, 1994.
220. Low, A.M., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Sensitivity to protein kinase C inhibitors of nicardipine-insensitive component of high K+ contracture in rat and guinea-pig aorta. Br. J. Pharmacol. 112: 604-610, 1994.
221. Leung Y.M., C.Y. Kwan and T.T. Loh. Dual effects of tetrandrine on cytosolic calcium in human leukemic HL-60 cells: intracellular calcium release and calcium influx blockade. Br. J. Pharmacol. 113: 767-774, 1994.
222. Hoo, K., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Investigation of a1-adrenoceptor subtypes in canine aorta using alkylating agents. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 72: 97-103, 1994.
223. Guan, Y.Y., C.Y. Kwan, H. He, J.J. Sun and E.E. Daniel. Specific effects of panax notoginseng saponins on a-adrenoceptor agonist-induced contraction and Ca2+ movements in vascular smooth muscle. Acta Pharmacol. Sinica 15: 392-398, 1994.
1995
224. Daniel, E.E., C. van Breemen, W.J. Schilling and C.Y. Kwan. Regulation of vascular tone: cross-talk between sarcoplasmic reticulum and plasmalemma. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 73: 551-557, 1995.
225. Kravtsov, G.M. and C.Y. Kwan. A revisitation of the mechanism of action of KCl-induced vascular smooth muscle contrtaction: a key role of cation binding to the plasma membrane. Biol. Signals, 4: 160-167, 1995.
226. Daniel, E.E., V. Gaspar and C.Y. Kwan. Characterization of a2-adrenocptors in membranes isolated from dog mesenteric nerve axons. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 275: 978-986, 1995.
227. Conyers, R.B., C.Y. Kwan and R.M.K.W. Lee. b-Adrenoceptors and polyploidy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J. Hypertension 13: 507-515, 1995.
228. Zheng, X-F, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. b-Adrenoceptor activates endothelium-dependent release of nitric oxide in rat aorta. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 16: 385-480, 1995.
229. Takemura, H., C.Y. Kwan and H. Ohshika. Calcium antagonistic actions of tetrandrine depend on cell types. Res. Commun. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol. 90: 59-68, 1995.
230. Kravtsov, G.M. and C.Y. Kwan. Regulation of vascular contraction by ionic matrix surfaces of the smooth muscle cell: changes in SHR? Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 22 (suppl. 1): S237-S239, 1995.
231. Kwan, C.Y. Vascular effects of selected antihypertensive drugs derived from traditional medicinal herbs. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 22 (suppl. 1): S297-S299, 1995
232. Shimamoto H., Y. Shimamoto, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Activation of protein kinase C as a modulator or potentiated UK-14304-induced contraction in dog mesenteric artery and vein. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 26: 923-931, 1995.
*233 Kwan, C.Y., Y.Y. Guan and H.W. Deng. Calcium antagonistic and antioxidant effects of ginseng saponins. In: Proceedings of the International Ginseng Conference (eds. W.G. Bailey, C. Whitehead, J.T.A. Proctor and J.T. Kyl), Simon Fraser University, Burnaby. pp. 318-323, 1995.
1996
234. Leung, Y.M., C.Y. Kwan and T.T. Loh. Dual effects of SK&F 96365 in Human Leukemic HL-60 cells: Inhibition of calcium entry and activation of a novel cation influx pathway. Biochem. Pharmacol. 51: 605-612, 1996.
235. Leung, Y.M., M. Berdik, C.Y. Kwan and T.T. Loh. Effects of tetrandrine and closely related bis-benzylisoquinoline derivatives on cytosolic Ca2+ in human leukemic HL-60 cells: a structure-ractivity relation study. Clin. Exp. Physiol. Pharmacol. 23: 653-659, 1996.
236. Leung, Y.M., C.Y. Kwan and T.T. Loh. Capacitative Ca2+ entry in HL-60 cells: tetrandrine and SK&F 96365 as probes. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 17: 97-101. 1996.
237. Darby, P., J. Chan, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Selectively inhibition of oxalate-stimulated Ca2+ transport by cyclopiazonic acid and thapsigargin in smooth muscle microsomes. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 74: 182-192, 1996.
238. Low, A.M., N. Kotecha, T.O. Neild, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Functional studies of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ store of arterial muscles in different vasculature: Effects of selective modulators. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 23: 310-316, 1996.
239. Low, A.M., Berdik, M., Sormaz, L., Gatience S., Buchanan, M.R., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Plant alkaloids, tetrandrine and hernandezine, inhibit calcium-depletion stimulated calcium entry in human and bovine endothelial cells. Life Sci. 58: 2327-2335, 1996.
240. Kwan, C.Y. and G. M. Kravtsov. Protein kinase plays no role in KCl-induced vascular contraction in Ca2+-free medium. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 17: 197-201, 1996.
241. Chen, Y.Y., S-C. G. Hui and C.Y. Kwan. Differential effects of tetrandrine on aggregation and ATP-release of washed rat platelets. Acta Pharmacol. Sinica 17: 105-108, 1996.
242. Daniel, E.E., A.M. Low, V. Gaspar, H. Lu-Chao, J. Green, J. Akrong, S. Duerksen, C. Soyka, C.K. Chen, J. Boyd and C.Y. Kwan. Unusual a-adrenoceptor subtype in canine saphenous vein: comparison to mesenteric vein. Br. J. Pharmacol. 117: 1535-1543, 1996.
243. Amoako, D., Y. Qian, C.Y. Kwan and J.P. Bourreau. Probing excitation-contraction coupling in trachealis smooth muscle with the mycotoxin cyclopiazonic acid. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 23: 733-737, 1996.
244. Guan, Y.Y., C.Y. Kwan, F.L. Hsu and J. T. Cheng. In vitro inhibitory effects of chebulinic acid on contractile function of cardiovascular muscles. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 23: 747-750, 1996.
245. Takemura, H., H. Imoto, H. Ohshika and C.Y. Kwan. Tetrandrine as a calcium antagonists. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 23: 751-753, 1996.
246. Ho, K.H., C.Y. Kwan and J.P. Bourreau. Hyporesponsiveness to Ca2+ of aortic smooth muscle in endotoxin-treated rats: NO-dependent and -independent in vitro mechanisms. Res. Commun. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol. 92: 275-284, 1996.
247. Huang, S.J. and C.Y. Kwan. Inhibition by multivalent cations of contraction induced by Chinese cobra venom cardiotoxin in gunea pig papillary muscle. Life Sci. 59: 55-60, 1996.
248. Kwan, C.Y., Y.Y. Chen, M.F. Ma, E.E. Daniel and S.C. G. Hui. Tetrandrine, a Ca2+ antagonist of Chinese herbal origin, interacts with vascular a1-adrenoceptor. Life Sci. 59: 359-364, 1996.
*249.Kwan, C.Y., Y.J. Ou and Y.M. Leung. The multiplicity of tetrandrine effects on cell calcium in the cardiovascular system. CAPS bulletin, 1996.
250. Dong, Y., C.Y. Kwan, Z.N. Chen and M.P. Yang. Antitumor effects of a purified Coriolus vesicolor peptide: in vitro and in vivo studies. Res. Commun. Molec. Pathol. Pharmacol. 92: 140-149, 1996.
251. Deng, Y.P., W.J. Lo, C.Y. Kwan, Y.M. Leung and T. Cheung. Effect of total panax notoginseng saponins (tPNS) and its components Rb1 and Rg1 on intracellular free calcium ions [Ca2+]I of cultured aortic endothelial cells under laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) observation. Chin. Pharmacol. Bulletin 12: 437-440, 1996.
*252.Kwan, C.Y. Tetrandrine: an anti-hypertensive drug with Ca2+ antagonistic action: effects on vascular smooth muscle and adrenal gland. In Adrenal glands, vascular system and hypertension, eds. GP Vinson and DC Anderson. J. Endocrinol. Ltd., Bristol ,UK, pp 103-114 , 1996.
1997
253. Imoto, K., H. Takemura, C.Y. Kwan, S. Sakano, M. Kaneko and H. Oshika. Inhibitory effects of tetrandrine and hernandezine on Ca2+ mobilization in rat glioma C6 cells. Res. Commun. Mol. Pathol. Pharmacol. 95: 129-146, 1997.
254. Dong, Y., M. Yang and C.Y. Kwan. Inhibition of proliferation of HL-60 cells by coriolus vesicolor peptide and bis-benzylisoquinoline derivatives from Chinese medicinal herbs. Life Sci., 60: 135-140, 1997.
255. Wang, H.X., C.Y. Kwan and T.M. Wong. Tetrandrine inhibits electrically induced [Ca2+]i transient in the isolated single rat cardiomyocyte - actions on sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 319: 115-122, 1997.
256. Leung, Y.M., C.Y. Kwan and T.T. Loh. Spontaneous Mn2+ entry is specifically inhibitedby caliculin A in human leukemic HL-60 cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 331: 337-340, 1997.
257. Leung, Y.M., Y.J. Ou, C.Y. Kwan and T.T. Loh. Specific interaction between tetrandrine and quillaja saponins in promoting permeabilization of plasma membranes in human leukemic HL-60 cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1325: 318-328, 1997.
258. Ou, Y.J., Y.M. Leung, S.J. Huang and C.Y. Kwan. Dual effects of extracellular Ca2+ on cardiotoxin-induced cytotoxicity and cytosolic Ca2+ changes in cultured single cells of rabbit aortic endothelium. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1330: 29-38, 1997.
259. Wu S.Q., C.Y. Kwan and F. Tang. The effect of aging on ANP levels in the plasma and in the brain. J. Gerontol., 52A: B250-B254, 1997.
260. Wang, H.X., S.Y. Lau, S.J. Huang, C.Y. Kwan and T.M. Wong. Cobra venom cardiotoxin induceds perturbation of cytosolic calcium homeostasis and hypercontracture in adult rat cardiac myocytes. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 29: 2759-2770, 1997.
261. Low, A.M., L. Sormaz, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Actions of 4-chloro-3-ethyl phenol on internal Ca2+ stores in vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Br. J. Pharmacol. 122: 504-510, 1997.
262. Daniel, E.E., A.M. Low, H. Lu-Chao, V. Gaspar and C.Y. Kwan. Characterization of -Adrenoceptors in canine mesenteric vein. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 30: 591-598, 1997.
263. Low, A.M., L. Sormaz, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Mobilization of internal Ca2+ by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in endothelial cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 339: 227-235, 1997.
1998
264. Huang, S.J. and C.Y. Kwan. Cyclopiazonic acid and thapsigargin induced aggregation of rat platelets resulting from Ca2+ influx through Ca2+-activated Ca2+-channels. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 341: 343-347, 1998.
265. Low, A.M., H. Lu-Chao, R.D. Brown, Y.F. Wang, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Pharmacological and immunocytochemical characterization of subtypes of 1-adrenoceptors in dog aorta. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 285: 894-901, 1998.
266. Leung, Y.M., Y. Xion, Y.J. Ou and C.Y. Kwan. Perturbation by lysophosphatidylcholine of membrane permeability in cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle endothelial cells. Life Sci. 63: 965-973, 1998.
267. Mo, F.M. and C.Y. Kwan. -Adrenoceptor subtypes of dog saphenous vein: another unusual property. Life Sci. 62: 1455-1459, 1998.
268. Ho, K.H., C.Y. Kwan, S.J. Huang and J.P. Bourreau. Dual effect of cardiotoxin from cobra venom on vascular smooth muscle and endothelium. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 19: 197-202, 1998.
269. Zhu, W.Z., C.Y. Kwan and C. Han. Ca2+ -dependence of vasoconstriction mediated by 1A-adrenoceptors in perfused rat hindlimb: a pharmacological approach. Life Sci. 63: 89-94, 1998.
270. Achike, F.I. and C.Y. Kwan. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation and contraction of rat tail artery: role of muscarinic receptor subtype. Biomed. Res. 9: 93-101,1998.
271. Wu, S. Q., C.Y. Kwan and F. Tang. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes has differential effects on atrial natriuretic peptide synthesis in the rat atrium and ventricle: a study by solution-hybridization-Rnase protection assay. Diabetologia 41: 660-665, 1998.
272. Zhang Z.D., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Inhibition by ryanodine of oxalate-stimulated ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake in smooth muscle microsomes of rat vas deferens. Biomed. Res. 9: 241-245, 1998.
273. Kwan, C.Y. Differential vascular effects of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius extracts. In: H. C. Weber, D. Zeuske and S. Imhof, Ginseng in Europe, Proceedings of the 1st European Ginseng Congress. Philipps-Universitat, Marburg, Germany, pp 45-53, 1998.
1999
274. Low, A.M., H. Lu-Chao, J.C.P. Loke, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Insights into the unusual -adrenoceptor subtype in dog saphenous vein using phenoxybenzamine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 288: 148-156, 1999.
275. Kwan, C.Y. M.F. Ma, and S.C.G. Hui. Inhibition of endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation by tetrandrine. Life Sci. 64: 2391-2400, 1999.
276. Kwan, C.Y. The Effects of different ginseng extracts on vascular contraction in vitro: evidence for Yin-Yang principle. Acta Phytotherapeutica, 2: 73-77, 1999.
277. Kwan, C.Y. and X.F. Zheng. Cyclopiazonic acid inhibits Ca2+ sequestration by SR and activates Ca2+ influx via nifedipine-sensitive Ca2+ channels in rat tail artery. Biomed. Res. 10: 121-125 1999.
278. Kwan, C. Y. Heterogeneity of vascular smooth muscle 1-adrenoceptors in canine blood vessels. Clin. Expt. Pharmacol. Physiol. 26: 822-823, 1999.
279. Kwan, C.Y. Membrane abnormalities of vascular smooth muscle of mesenteric arteries of spontaneously diabetic BB rats. J Smooth Muscle Res. 35: 77-86, 1999.
280. Kwan, C.Y. and T.K. Kwan. The in vitro effects of Panax notoginseng saponins on vascular endothelial cells. Proceeding of the International Ginseng Conference ’99. In press, 1999.
281. Kwan, C.Y. and T.K. Kwan. Dynamic digital fluorescence ratio imaging of cell calcium in vascular endothelial cells. Acta Pharmacol. Sinica, 20: 1-6, 1999
282. Wang, H.X., C.Y. Kwan and T.M. Wong. Electrically-induced [Ca2+]I transient in single ventricular myocytes: a useful parameter for the study of cardiac drug. Clin. Exp. Physiol. Pharmacol. 26: 835-836, 1999.
283. Das, R., G.M. Kravtsov, H. J. Ballard and C.Y. Kwan. L-NAME inhibits Mg2+-induced vascular relaxation of rat aorta in the absence of endoahelium. Br. J. Pharmacol. 12: 493-499, 1999.
284. Low, A.M., H. Lu-Chao, J.C.P. Loke, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Insights into the unusual -adrenoceptor subtype in dog saphenous vein using phenoxybenzamine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. I288: 148-156, 1999.
285. Daniel. E.E., A.M. Low, H. Lu-Chao, V. Gaspar, and C.Y. Kwan. Vascular smooth muscle of canine mesenteric artery contains primarily 1A-adrenoceptor subtype. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 291: 1-9, 1999.
286. Leung, Y.M. and C.Y. Kwan. Current perspectives in the pharmacological studies of store- operated Ca2+ entry blockers. Japn. J. Pharmacol. 81: 253-258, 1999.
287. Shimamoto, H., Y. Shimamoto, E.E. Daniel and C.Y. Kwan. Relationship between intracellular Ca2+and protein kinase C in agonist-induced contraction of hypertensive rat aortae. J Smooth Muscle Res. 35: 87-98, 1999.
288. Lai J-H, L-J Ho, C.Y. Kwan, D.M. Chang and T.C. Lee. Plant alkaloid tetrandrine and its analogues block CD28-costimulated activities of human peripheral blood T cells: potential immunosuppresants in transplantation immunology. Transplantation, 68: 1383-1392, 1999.
2000
289. Shen J.Z., X.F. Zheng and C.Y. Kwan. Differential contractile actions of reactive oxygen species on rat aorta: selective activation of ATP receptor by H2O2. Life Sci. 66: PL291-296, 2000.
274. Shen J.Z., X.F. Zheng and C.Y. Kwan. Involvement of P2-purioceptor activation in H2O2-induced contraction of rat aorta. Cardiovasc. Res. 18:574-585, 2000.
290. Leung, Y.M., C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Block of inwardly rectifying K+ currents by extracellular Mg2+ and Ba2+ in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Can. J. Physiol. Pharamcol., 78: 751-756, 2000.
291. Cheung, S., S.J. Huang and C.Y. Kwan. Cytotoxic effects of Chinese cobra venom cardiotoxin on vascular smooth muscle and endothelium: Dual modulation by extracellular Ca2+. Biomed. Res. 211: 131-136, 2000.
292. Chen, C.X. and C.Y. Kwan. In vitro effects of Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet on the contractility of rat myometrial and aortic smooth muscles. Biomed. Res. 11: 209-212, 2000.
293. Darby, P. C.Y. Kwan, E.E. Daniel. Caveolae from canine airway smooth muscle contain dcompenents for a role in calcium handling. Am. J. Physiol. 279: L1226-L1235, 2000.
2001
294. Chen, C.X. and C.Y. Kwan. Endothelium-independent relaxation by Leonurine, a plant alkaloid purified from Chinese motherwort. Life Sci. 68: 953-960, 2001.
295. Kwan, C.Y., Y.M. Leung, T.K. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. Tetrandrine inhibits Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels in vascular endothelial cells. Life Sci. 68: 841-847, 2001.
296. Kwan, C.Y., P.H.M. Harrison, P. Duspara and E.E. Daniel. Vascular effects of an anti-fungal agent, Pramanicin: selective action on endothelial cells. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. in press, 2001.
297. Chen, C.X. and C.Y. Kwan. Leonurine, an alkaloid from the dried stems of the Chinese medicinal herb, Leonurus heterophyllus Sweet, causes endothelium-independent relaxation in rat aorta. Life Sci. in press, 2001.
298. Shen, J.Z., Zheng, X.F., Wei, E.Q., and C.Y. Kwan. Evidence against inhibition of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump as mechanism of H2O2-induced contraction of rat aorta. Acta Pharmacol Acta 22:408-504, 2001.
299. Daniel, E.E., C.Y. Kwan, and L. Janssen Pharmacological techniques in intestinal and other smooth muscles. J. Pharmacol. Toxicol. Methods 45: 141-158, 2001.
2002
300. *Cheah, L.S., M.C.E. Gwee, R. Das, H. Ballard, E.E. Daniel and C.Y. Kwan. Evidence for the existence of a novel constitutive nitric oxide synthase in vascular smooth muscle. Clin. Expt. Physiol. Pharmacol. 29:725-727, 2002.
301. Kwan, C.Y., T.K. Kwan and S.J. Huang. Effect of calcium on the vascular contraction induced by cobra venom cardiotoxin. Clin. Expt. Physiol. Pharmacol. 29:823-828. 2002.
302. Achike, F.I., C.Y. Kwan. Characteri-zation of a novel tetrandrine-induced contraction in rat tail artery. Acta Pharmacol. Sinica 23: 698-704, 2002.
303. Leung, Y.M., T.K. Kwan, C.Y. Kwan and E.E. Daniel. A study of the morphology, K+ currents and Ca2+ homeostasis in calyculin A-treated bovine endothelial cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1589: 93-103, 2002.
304. Wilson, R.K., T.K. Kwan, C.Y. Kwan and G.J. Sorger. Vascular effects of papaya seed extracts and benzyl isothiocyanate. Life Sci 71:497-507, 2002.
305. *Kwan CY, Achike FI. Tetrandrine and related bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids: cardio-vascular effects and mechanisms of action. Acta Pharmacol Sinica 12:1057-1068, 2002.
306. Kwan, C.Y. Tetrandrine potentiates caffeine-induced contraction but inhibits phenylephrine-induced contraction in perfused rat mesenteric artery. Naunyn-Schieldeberg’s Arch Pharmacol., 366:613-619, 2002.
307. Kwan, C.Y. T.K. Kwan, A.H.M. Harrison, W.B. Zhang. Pramanicin, an anti-fungal agent, raises cytosolic Ca2+ and causes cell death in vascular endothelial cells. Vasc. Pharmacol. 63:1-8, 2002.
2003
308. Shen JZ, Zheng XF, Wei EQ, Kwan CY. Green tea catechins evoke a phasic contraction in rat aorta via H2O2-mediated multiple-signaling pathways. Clin. Expt. Pharmacol. Physiol. 30: 88-95, 2003.
309. Grover AK, Samson SE, Robinson S, Kwan CY.. Effects of peroxynitrite on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-pump in pig coronary artery smooth muscle. Am J Physiol, 284:C294-301, 2003.
310. Walia M, Kwan CY, Grover AK. Effects of free radicals on coronary artery. Med. Principles Practice, 12:1-9, 2003.
311. Walia M, Samson SE, Schmidt T, Best K, Whittington M, Kwan CY, Grover AK. Peroxynitrite and nitric oxide differ in their effects on pig coronary artery smooth muscle.
Am J Physiol 284: C649-657, 2003.
312. Walia M, Samson SE, Schmidt T, Best K, Kwan CY, Grover AK. Effects of peroxynitrite on pig coronary artery smooth muscle. Cell Calcium, 34: 69-74, 2003.
313. *Achike FI, Kwan CY. Nitric oxide, human diseases and herbal products that act on NO pathway. Clin Expt Physiol Pharmacol 30: 605-615, 2003.
314. Kravtsov GM, Bruce IC, Wong TM, Kwan CY. A new view of K+-induced contraction in rat aorta: The role of Ca binding. Pflugers Archiv, 446: 529-540, 2003.
315. Kwan, CY, Kwan TK, Zhang WB, Sakai Y. In vitro relaxation of vascular smooth muscle by atropine: involvement of K+-channels and endothelium. Naunyn-Schimedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol., 368: 1-9, 2003.
316. Halford C, Samson SE, Kwan CY, Grover AK. Endothelium and smooth muscle of pig coronary artery: differences in metabolism. Molec Cell Biochem. 250: 197-201, 2003
317. Kwan, CY, Harrison PAHM, Miller J, Zhang WB, Gandhi SG, Kassam S, Liscombe DK. The epoxy group of pramanicin is required for the optimal endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat aorta, J. Pharmacol. Sci., 92: 203-208, 2003.
318. Grover AK, Kwan CY, Samson SE. Effects of peroxynitrite on sarso/ endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+pump isoforms SERCA2b and SERCA 3a. Am. J. Physiol. (cell physiol) 285: C1537-1543, 2003.
2004
319. Kwan CY, Chen CX, Deyama T, Nishibe S. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant effects of the aqueous extracts of Eucommina ulmoides Oliv. Leaf and bark: implications on their anti-hypertensive action. Vasc. Pharmacol. in press, 2004.
320. Kwan, C.Y., W.B. Zhang, T. Deyama and S. Nishibe. Eucommia aqueous extract induces endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aorta and mesenteric artery. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol. 369: 206-211,2004.
321. Zheng WB, Chen CX, Sim SM, Kwan CY. In vitro vasodilator mechanisms of indole alkaloids, rhynchophylline and isorhychophylline, isolated from the hook of Uncaria rhychophylla (Miquel). Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol 369: 232-238, 2004.
322. Kwan CY, Zhang WB, Sim SM, Deyama T, Nishibe S. Vascular effects of Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus): endothelium-dependent NO- and EDHF-mediated relaxation depending on vessel size. Schmiedeberg’s Arch Pharmacol. 369: 473-480, 2004.
323. Younglai EV, Kwan T, Kwan CY, Lobb DK, Foster WG. Dichlorodiphenylchloro-ethylene elevates cytosolic calcium concentrations and oscillations in cultured human granulose cells. Biol Reprod 70: 1693-1700, 2004.
324. Schmidt T, Zaib F, Samson Se, Kwan CY, Grover AK. Peroxynitrite resistance of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump in pig coronary artery endothelium and smooth muscle. Cell Calcium 36: 77-82, 2004.
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